By Gergely Szakacs and Krisztina Than
BUDAPEST, April 12 (Reuters) - Hungarians were voting https://www.reuters.com/world/hungary/elections/ on Sunday in an election https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/hungarys-election-could-end-orban-era-reshape-its-place-europe-2026-04-09/ that could end Prime Minister Viktor Orban's 16-year hold on power, rattle Russia and send shockwaves through right-wing circles across the West, including U.S. President Donald Trump's White House.
Orban nL8N3ZL0R8, a eurosceptic nationalist, has carved out a model of an "illiberal democracy" seen as a blueprint by Trump's Make America Great Again (MAGA) movement and its admirers in Europe.
But many Hungarians have grown weary https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/factbox-what-has-changed-hungary-during-orbans-12-year-rule-2022-03-31/ of Orban, 62, after three years of economic stagnation and soaring living costs, along with reports of oligarchs close to the government amassing more wealth.
Opinion polls have shown Orban's Fidesz party trailing Peter Magyar nL8N3Z00J1's upstart centre-right opposition Tisza party by 7-9 percentage points, with Tisza at around 38-41%.
RECORD TURNOUT
Pollsters predicted a record voter turnout and data at 1300 GMT showed 66% of voters had cast their votes, up from 52.75% at the same time in the 2022 election. Television footage showed long queues outside some voting stations in Budapest.
Magyar, after casting his vote in Budapest, said Hungarians would write history as they choose "between East and West," and urged voters to report any irregularities.
"Election fraud is a very serious crime," he added.
Magyar expressed confidence about the outcome, saying the only question was whether Tisza won a simple majority or a two-thirds majority in the 199-seat parliament that would allow it to amend Hungary's constitution.
Orban, who cast his vote in the same Budapest district and swept the last four elections, told reporters: "There is a constitution in Hungary and it needs to be followed. The decision of the people needs to be respected."
Four years ago, the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights said that ballot had been run professionally but that an uneven playing field could have impacted the result.
CHANGE OR CONTINUITY?
Casting his vote for Tisza in the Hungarian capital, Mihaly Bacsi, 27, said: "We need an improvement in public mood, there is too much tension in many areas and the current government only fuels these sentiments."
Another voter, 83-year old Istvan Stofka, said he wanted Orban to continue his welfare and family policies and voted for Fidesz to stay, saying: "This (Fidesz) is the only party, since the change of regime, that has fulfilled their promises."
Orban said the vote was a choice between "war and peace" nL8N3Z71ND. During campaigning, the government blanketed the country with signs warning that Tisza leader Magyar would drag Hungary into Russia's war with Ukraine, something he strongly denies.
The vote is being closely watched in Brussels https://www.reuters.com/world/eu-hopes-hungarian-election-will-bring-end-orbans-blockades-2026-03-27/, with many EU peers criticising Orban, who has kept close ties with Russia and is a Trump ally, over what they say is an erosion of Hungary's democratic rule, media freedom and minority rights.
An Orban defeat would deprive Russia of its closest ally in the EU, while for Ukraine it could mean the release of a 90-billion-euro ($105 billion) EU loan vital for its war effort that the Hungarian leader has been blocking.
PUBLIC DISCONTENT
Orban has won public endorsements from the Trump administration - culminating in a visit to Budapest by Vice President JD Vance last week - as well as from the Kremlin and far-right leaders in Europe.
But his campaign has been shaken by media reports alleging his government colluded with Moscow. Orban, who denies any wrongdoing, says his goal is to protect Hungary's national identity and traditional Christian values within the EU and its security in a dangerous world.
Meanwhile, former Orban loyalist Magyar, 45, has tapped into discontent over alleged state corruption and falling living standards, with young https://www.reuters.com/world/younger-hungarian-voters-spurn-orban-some-say-they-will-leave-if-he-is-re-2026-04-06/ voters particularly eager for change.
Despite Tisza's poll lead, analysts caution that the outcome remains uncertain, with many voters undecided, a redrawing of the electoral map in favour of Fidesz and a high proportion of ethnic Hungarians in neighbouring countries, who mostly support the ruling party.
If Tisza does win, unwinding the legal and institutional changes Orban has made may prove daunting for a new government if it has a simple majority in parliament.
Polling stations close at 7 p.m. (1700 GMT).
($1 = 0.8533 euros)
(Additional reporting by Krisztina Than, Anita Komuves, Lili Bayer, Thomas Holdstock, Judith Langowski, writing by Justyna Pawlak, editing by Bernadette Baum and Gareth Jones)
